Red, white, black and green are called the pan-Arab colors and have been historically linked to the Arab people and Islamic religion for centuries
CIA
Geography
Sudan is located in Northern Africa
In between Egypt and Eritrea
Borders the Red Sea
Its 1,861,484 square km. of land ranks 16th in the world
Climate: hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November)
Terrain: generally flat, featureless plain; desert dominates the north
Some of their Natural Resources include petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold; hydropower
CIA
People
Arabs= Largest ethnic group (70%)
Most Sudanese adopted the Arabic language
Other ethnic groups:Nubians, Beja, and Fur
They are descendants of West African Immigrangts
Languages- Arabic, English, Nubian, Ta Bedawie, Fur
History
During the 1940's and early 1950's, the Sudanese nationalist movement grew. In 1953, the United Kingdom and Egypt agreed on steps leading to self-government for Sudan. In 1955, the Sudanese parliament voted for self-government. Sudan officially became an independent nation on Jan. 1, 1956.
After independence, southern leaders feared that northern leaders would not share power equally. They objected to the use of Arabic as the national language. They also feared that northern administrators in the south would force southerners to become more like Arab Muslims. Differences in ethnicity, language, and religion resulted in years of suspicion and fighting between the north and south. Sudan's first independent government failed to improve north-south relations.
Sudan adopted a new constitution in 1973. The Constitution established a strong presidency and a weak legislature. It provided for one official political party, the Sudanese Socialist Union. Nimeiri served as party head.
Education
-The Sudanese children are required to take:
2 years of preschool
8 years of elementary education
All provided for free by the government
Secondary school= 3 years
Oldest and largest include the University of Khartoum and Sudan University of Science and Technology, both in Khartoum
Agriculture
Agriculture employs most of Sudan's workers and accounts for much of the value of the nation's total economic production. Sudan’s main crops are cotton, gum, millet, peanuts, sesame, sorghum, sugar cane, and wheat. Cotton is the main export crop. Cattle, sheep, goats, and camels provide food and a source of income for Sudan's herders and nomadic groups
Food
Main dish is known as ful- fava beans cooked in oil and spices
Most people eat little meat: Goat, lamb, beef, and chicken are served once in a while
Karkadai is a beverage made from the hibiscus plant, it is a national drink
The people of Sudan also drink tea and coffee.
Housing
Most common rural housing= flat-roofed, rectangular houses made of sun-dried mud-brick
City housing= apartment buildings or small houses similar to those in Western cities
Urban housing is very similar to rural
Tents and other temporary shelters provide housing for many people on the outskirts of major cities.
Below is an example of housing in Sudan
Health of Women and Children
Working to improve the health of women, children and their families through a variety of programs. One aim is to increase immunization coverage against childhood diseases among children under a year old, and among expectant mothers against tetanus. Other efforts include training village midwives to increase the proportion of skilled attendants present at delivery, as well as constructing or rehabilitating health clinics.
Crisis of War
“This is the world’s greatest humanitarian crisis, and I don’t know why the world isn’t doing more about it.”Mukesh Kapila, former United Nation staff in Sudan
“The only thing in abundance inDarfuris weapons. It’s easier to get a Kalashnikov than a loaf of bread.” Jan Egeland, Coordinator of UN Emergency Relief
Works Cited
CIA. “Sudan.” CIA. CIA, 21 Oct. 2011. Web. 9 Nov. 2011. <https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/su.html>.
Large, Daniel. “Sudan.” World Book Advanced. Africa Asia Center, 17 Nov. 2011. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. <http://www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar537940&st=sudan&sc=2>.
Save the Children. “Sudan.” Save the Children. Save the Children, Oct. 2011. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. <http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6150471/k.CAAA/Sudan.htm>.
UNICEF. “MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA Sudan.” Humanitarian Action for Children. UNICEF, 1 Dec. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. <http://www.unicef.org/hac2011/hac_sudan.php>.
"Human Rights in Sudan | Overview." Amnesty International Canada | Today in Human Rights. 25 Apr. 2008. Web. 01 Dec. 2011. <http://www.amnesty.ca/themes/sudan_overview.php>.
Soman, Siham Mohamed. "Sustainable Urban Livelihood Interventions | Practical Action." Welcome to Practical Action | Technology Challenging Poverty | Practical Action. Web. 01 Dec. 2011. <http://practicalaction.org/sharing9_urban_livelihoods>.
Sudan
Geography
People
History
During the 1940's and early 1950's, the Sudanese nationalist movement grew. In 1953, the United Kingdom and Egypt agreed on steps leading to self-government for Sudan. In 1955, the Sudanese parliament voted for self-government. Sudan officially became an independent nation on Jan. 1, 1956.After independence, southern leaders feared that northern leaders would not share power equally. They objected to the use of Arabic as the national language. They also feared that northern administrators in the south would force southerners to become more like Arab Muslims. Differences in ethnicity, language, and religion resulted in years of suspicion and fighting between the north and south. Sudan's first independent government failed to improve north-south relations.
Sudan adopted a new constitution in 1973. The Constitution established a strong presidency and a weak legislature. It provided for one official political party, the Sudanese Socialist Union. Nimeiri served as party head.
Education
-The Sudanese children are required to take:Agriculture
Agriculture employs most of Sudan's workers and accounts for much of the value of the nation's total economic production. Sudan’s main crops are cotton, gum, millet, peanuts, sesame, sorghum, sugar cane, and wheat. Cotton is the main export crop. Cattle, sheep, goats, and camels provide food and a source of income for Sudan's herders and nomadic groupsFood
Housing
Health of Women and Children
Working to improve the health of women, children and their families through a variety of programs. One aim is to increase immunization coverage against childhood diseases among children under a year old, and among expectant mothers against tetanus. Other efforts include training village midwives to increase the proportion of skilled attendants present at delivery, as well as constructing or rehabilitating health clinics.Crisis of War
“This is the world’s greatest humanitarian crisis, and I don’t know why the world isn’t doing more about it.” Mukesh Kapila, former United Nation staff in Sudan
“The only thing in abundance in Darfuris weapons. It’s easier to get a Kalashnikov than a loaf of bread.” Jan Egeland, Coordinator of UN Emergency Relief
Works Cited
CIA. “Sudan.” CIA. CIA, 21 Oct. 2011. Web. 9 Nov. 2011. <https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/su.html>.
Large, Daniel. “Sudan.” World Book Advanced. Africa Asia Center, 17 Nov. 2011. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. <http://www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar537940&st=sudan&sc=2>.
Save the Children. “Sudan.” Save the Children. Save the Children, Oct. 2011. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. <http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6150471/k.CAAA/Sudan.htm>.
UNICEF. “MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA Sudan.” Humanitarian Action for Children. UNICEF, 1 Dec. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. <http://www.unicef.org/hac2011/hac_sudan.php>.
"Human Rights in Sudan | Overview." Amnesty International Canada | Today in Human Rights. 25 Apr. 2008. Web. 01 Dec. 2011. <http://www.amnesty.ca/themes/sudan_overview.php>.
Soman, Siham Mohamed. "Sustainable Urban Livelihood Interventions | Practical Action." Welcome to Practical Action | Technology Challenging Poverty | Practical Action. Web. 01 Dec. 2011. <http://practicalaction.org/sharing9_urban_livelihoods>.